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https://www.iampsychiatry.uk/adult-adhd-medication/

ADHD Medication in the UK The medications for ADHD reduce symptoms by increasing brain activity in specific regions They also boost the production of neurotransmitters that are insufficient in people with ADHD Stimulant medications are the most commonly prescribed medication for adult ADHD in the UK They are effective by enhancing activity in the parts of the brain that are involved in concentration and impulse control Stimulants There are two kinds of medication licensed for use in the UK to treat adult ADHD stimulants and nonstimulant drugs Stimulants which enhance brain activity in areas that regulate attention and behavior are usually the first option These include methylphenidate also known as Ritalin and the lisdexamfetamine They can be administered often throughout the day in a shortacting tablet or taken every day in a tablet with a longacting mechanism that is released into the bloodstream throughout the course of a day The dose of the medication may require frequent adjustments in the beginning as it is monitored and adjusted titrated to determine a dose that works best for you Stimulants have a longstanding history of use both medically and as recreational drugs During the 1930s amphetamines were commonly employed by truck drivers students and sportspeople to boost their energy levels Amphetamines can be extremely hazardous and have a great risk of abuse They are abused as they make people feel great and can stimulate the mind in ways that lead them to addiction The most frequently reported sideeffects of stimulants are loss of appetite difficulty sleeping and problems with the digestive system or stomach These issues can be cured by adjusting the dose or timing Most adults tolerate them well Children may experience more severe side effects like weight gain tics and crankiness Nonstimulant ADHD medication works in a different manner to the stimulants and can take a while to start working Clonidine and Guanfacine brand names Catapres and Intuniv are both alpha agonists that work by stimulating certain receptors in the brain to increase concentration decrease hyperactivity and impulsivity and reduce behavioural issues like tics and aggression They can be taken on their own or as a complementary treatment in conjunction with ADHD stimulant medication in kids aged 617 Atomoxetine brand name Strattera is another nonstimulant medication for ADHD that increases levels of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline in order to improve impulse control and concentration It is available as a standalone medication but is most commonly combined with guanfacine for children These medications do not cause the same adverse negative effects as stimulants but can cause headaches and sleep problems medications for adhd are not responsive to stimulant drugs like Adderall and Ritalin For these children medication options called nonstimulants are a possibility They boost signaling between nerves and regions of the brain assisting children focus more easily and control impulsivity Nonstimulant ADHD drugs contain different active ingredients than stimulants They also dont have the potential for abuse and are not controlled substances Atomoxetine Strattera is one of the newest nonstimulant drugs that treat ADHD in children adults and teens Its an antidepressant which has been proven to lessen the symptoms of ADHD by increasing the levels of a chemical present in the brain known as noradrenaline Noradrenaline sends messages between brain cells and is involved in attention impulsivity and motivation Because of its unique mechanism of action atomoxetine isnt able to suffer from the same adverse effects as other antidepressants such as Wellbutrin and Effexor It can be prescribed for children as young as 5 and is administered orally at least once or twice per day in tablet form Atomoxetine provides stable 24hour control of ADHD symptoms so it may help reduce problems at night when the effects of certain stimulants diminish The FDA has also approved guanfacine XR as well as Clonidine XR both of which are also available as nonstimulant ADHD medication These are usually given to children who havent responded to stimulant medications or have problems with their adverse effects They can be combined with stimulants such as Adderall XR amphetamines salts to treat ADHD more effectively Follow your doctors instructions if you or your child is taking nonstimulant ADHD medicine They will probably suggest starting off with low doses then gradually increasing them Theyll also want to be aware of any other medications your child or you are taking to make sure there arent any interactions You will need to make regular appointments with your GP and inform them if you experience any issues or side effects They may change the dosage or suggest alternative treatments like talking therapy Unlicensed Medication The treatment for ADHD in adults includes a variety of nonstimulant and stimulant drugs Psychologists can also prescribe drugs that are off label these are medications that are approved for a different condition but are being evaluated for their effectiveness in adults with ADHD These are usually antidepressants like bupropion or Venflaxine They have been shown to provide some benefit for the condition and are well tolerated in smaller doses Unlicensed medicines may be prescribed to a patient when there is a genuine medical need that is not met by a licensed medicine Patients whose usual medication has been temporarily interrupted due to a disruption in supply or patients who require a liquid version of a licensed tablet or capsule for reasons such as intolerance or allergies can be affected Unlicensed medicines are often calledspecials however this term could be used to describe medicines that are offlabel or have been made or distributed in a manner which is not covered by the license of the medicine Examples include crushing tablets in order to make them easier for patients to swallow Others may include adding liquid to tablets or capsules licensed by the FDA to make a mixture that can be administered by injection Healthcare professionals typically employ unlicensed drugs as a last option and when they feel that there is no licensed alternative They will carefully weigh several options to meet the unique requirements of every patient They will also regularly review treatments and outcomes taking into account the clinical experience as well as new approved treatments It is essential that any medicine that is not licensed to treat a patient is safe and effective and the reason for prescribing it is documented in the patients medical record If a patient experiences side effects due to an offlabel medication they should be reported through the MHRAs Yellow Card scheme This information will be used to update the medications MHRA marketing authorisation and also to ensure that future prescriptions for the drug are safe and effective Talk Therapy A therapist who works with you will assist you in understanding your symptoms and help you find ways to manage them They can also offer you advice and support about how to alter your way of thinking and acting in order to feel more positive It is crucial to finish the amount of sessions your therapist suggests since this will help in you feeling better The use of medication can help reduce the symptoms of ADHD by increasing the amount of neurotransmitters in your brain These are substances that allow your neurons to pass on messages and help you focus your mind and avoid distractions There are two kinds of ADHD medication which include stimulants as well as other nonstimulants They work in different ways but all increase the availability of neurotransmitters in your brain There are a variety of medications licensed in the UK to treat ADHD The most popular medication is methylphenidate It is available in immediaterelease tablets that are used in small doses 2 to 3 times daily Or as modifiedrelease tablets which are taken once a week but released over the course of the day These medications are not an effective cure but they can help you control your an impulsive behaviour and help you focus They are generally tolerated well however your doctor will monitor you closely to ensure you get the correct dose and are not experiencing any side negative effects The treatment can take a few weeks to reach the best level and may have to be adjusted changed regularly to determine what works best for you Nonstimulant medicines like atomoxetine which is available through prescription only may be more efficient than stimulants and are not as prone to the possibility of addiction They are more effective but not as well tolerated Some people may have issues with memory appetite or sleep Your doctor will track your progress and decide whether to continue using atomoxetine or switch to a different treatment The use of therapy or medication is not permanent solutions for people with ADHD They can help you deal with your symptoms and lead a more fulfilling life Combining medications with regular therapy sessions will help you get the most from your treatment Youll learn coping strategies and identify unhelpful patterns of behaviour and thought For some their improved confidence and mood may persist beyond the conclusion of their treatment