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https://blogfreely.net/tvtrip83/13-things-about-pragmatic-you-may-not-have-known

Study of Chinese Learners Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learnerinternal factors CLKs understanding of pragmatic resistance and the relational affordances they were able to draw from were important For instance RIs from TS and ZL both cited their local professor relationships as a significant factor in their pragmatic choice to avoid criticising the strictness of a professor see example 2 This article examines all local research on Korean published up to 2020 It focuses on practical fundamental topics like Discourse Construction Tests The test for discourse completion DCT is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles It has numerous advantages but it also has some disadvantages For example the DCT cannot take into account cultural and individual variations in communication Additionally the DCT is prone to bias and can result in overgeneralizations As a result it should be analyzed carefully before it is used for research or for assessment purposes Despite its limitations the DCT is a useful instrument to study the relationship between prosody information structure and nonnative speakers Its ability to manipulate the social variables that are relevant to politeness in two or more steps can be a plus This feature can be used to study the effect of prosody in different cultural contexts In the field of linguistics the DCT has emerged as one of the most significant tools to analyze learners communication behaviors It can be used to investigate various issues including politeness turn taking and lexical choices It can be used to assess the phonological complexity of learners speech Recent research used a DCT as a tool to assess the refusal skills of EFL students Participants were presented with a range of scenarios to choose from and then asked to select the appropriate response The researchers found the DCT to be more effective than other refusal methods like videos or questionnaires However the researchers cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution and include other data collection methods DCTs can be designed using specific language requirements like form and content These criterion are intuitive and is based on the assumptions made by the test developers They may not be accurate and they may incorrectly describe the way in which ELF learners actually resist requests in realworld interactions This issue calls for further research on different methods to assess refusal ability A recent study has compared DCT responses to requests made by students via email versus the responses gathered from an oral DCT The results revealed that the DCT promoted more direct and conventionally indirect request forms and a lesser use of hints than email data did Metapragmatic Questionnaires MQs This study investigated Chinese learners pragmatic decisions regarding their use of Korean by using a range of experimental tools such as Discourse Completion Tasks DCTs Metapragmatic Questionnaires Refusal Interviews RIs Participants were 46 CLKs with upperintermediate proficiency who gave responses to MQs and DCTs They were also asked for reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs The results indicated that the CLKs often resisted native Korean pragmatic norms and that their choices were influenced by four primary factors such as their personalities their multilingual identities ongoing life histories and relationship benefits These findings have pedagogical consequences for L2 Korean assessment The MQ data were analysed to identify the participants rational choices The data were categorized according to Ishiharas 2010 definition of pragmatic resistance Then we compared the selections with their linguistic performance on DCTs in order to determine if they were indicative of a pragmatic resistance In addition the interviewees were asked to justify their choice of pragmatic behavior in a particular scenario The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then examined using descriptive statistics and ztests The CLKs were discovered to use euphemistic terms such as sorry or thank you This is likely due to their lack of experience with the target languages leading to a lack of knowledge of koreans pragmatic norms 프라그마틱 정품확인 showed that CLKs preferences for converging to L1 or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations In situations 3 and 12 CLKs preferred diverging from both L1pragmatic norms and L2pragmatic norms while in Situation 14 CLKs preferred a convergence to L1 norms The RIs also revealed that the CLKs were aware of their pragmatism in every DCT situation The RIs were conducted onetoone basis within a period of two days of the participants completing the MQs The RIs were recorded and transcribed then coded by two independent coders The coding process was an iterative process in which the coders discussed and read each transcript The results of coding are compared with the original RI transcripts to determine whether they reflected the actual behavior Interviews for refusal One of the major questions in pragmatic research is why some learners are hesitant to adhere to the pragmatic norms of native speakers A recent study sought to answer this question by employing a range of experimental instruments including DCTs MQs and RIs The participants were comprised of 46 CLKs 44 CNSs and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities They were asked to complete the DCTs in their first language and complete the MQs in either their L1 or L2 Then they were invited to a RI where they were required to consider their responses to the DCT situations The results showed that on average the CLKs disapproved of the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40 of their responses They did this even though they could create patterns that resembled native ones In addition they were aware of their pragmatism They attributed their actions to learnerinternal factors like their identities personalities multilingual identities and ongoing life experiences They also mentioned external factors like relational benefits They outlined for instance how their interactions with their professors helped them to perform more comfortably in terms of the linguistic and cultural norms at their university The interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures and penalties they might face if their local social norms were not followed They were concerned that their native interlocutors might perceive them as foreignersand consider them unintelligent This is similar to the concerns expressed by Brown 2013 and Ishihara 2009 These results suggest that nativespeaker pragmatic norms are no longer the default preference of Korean learners They may remain useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests Future researchers should reassess the applicability of these tests in various contexts and in particular situations This will allow them to better understand the effects of different cultural environments on the classroom behavior and interactions of L2 students Additionally it will assist educators to develop more effective methodologies for teaching and testing the koreas pragmatics Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor to Stratways Group a geopolitical risk consulting firm based in Seoul Case Studies The case study method is a strategy that utilizes deep participatory investigations to investigate a specific topic This method utilizes multiple data sources like interviews observations and documents to confirm its findings This kind of research is useful when analyzing unique or complex subjects which are difficult to assess with other methods In a case study the first step is to clearly define both the subject and the goals of the study This will allow you to determine what aspects of the subject must be investigated and which can be omitted It is also helpful to review existing literature related to the topic to gain a better understanding of the topic and place the case study in a broader theoretical context This study was based on an open source platform such as the KMMLU leaderboard 50 and its specific benchmarks for Korea HyperCLOVA X and LDCCSolar figure 1 below The results of the study revealed that the L2 Korean students were extremely susceptible to native models They tended to choose wrong answer choices which were literal interpretations This was a deviation from a precise pragmatic inference They also exhibited an unnatural tendency to include their own text or garbage to their responses further reducing their response quality Additionally the participants in this case study were L2 Korean learners who had attained level 4 on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK at the end of their second or third year of university and were hoping to achieve level 6 in their next attempt They were asked questions about their WTCSPCC their pragmatic awareness and understanding knowledge of the world stay with me were presented with two hypothetical situations that involved interaction with their coworkers and were asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making demands Interviewees were then asked to justify their choice Most participants attributed their pragmatic opposition to their personalities For example TS claimed that she was difficult to talk to and so she refused to ask about the health of her interlocutors despite having a heavy workload despite the fact that she believed that native Koreans would ask