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Pragmatic Authentication and NonRepudiation Verification Some object that pragmatic theories of truth sound relativist Whatever the case whether the theory of pragmatics frames truth by focusing on utility longterm durability or assertibility it still opens the possibility that certain beliefs do not reflect reality In addition unlike correspondence theories of truth Neopragmatist accounts dont limit truth to certain types of statements topics and inquiries Track and Trace In a time of increasing counterfeiting which costs businesses billions of dollars each year and puts consumer health at risk with faulty food medicine and other products it is essential to ensure transparency and security throughout the supply chain Digital authentication which is typically reserved for highvalue goods and brands can ensure the safety of brands at throughout the process Pragmatics lowcost flexible integrated circuits make it simple to integrate intelligent protection wherever in the supply chain A lack of visibility into the supply chain leads to fragmented communication and a slow response Even small shipping mistakes can frustrate customers and force companies to look for a costly and complicated solution With track and trace however businesses can identify problems quickly and resolve them proactively to avoid costly disruptions during the process The term track and trace is used to describe a set of interconnected software that is able to determine the past or current location of an asset a shipment or temperature trail These data are then examined to ensure compliance with regulations laws and quality This technology can also improve efficiency of logistics by reducing unnecessary inventory and identifying bottlenecks The majority of companies utilize track and trace for internal processes It is becoming more common for customers to make use of it It is because consumers are looking for a reliable speedy delivery service Tracking and tracing can result in improved customer service and higher sales For example utilities have used track and trace to manage power tool fleet management to decrease the risk of injuries to workers The tools that are smart in these systems can tell the signs of misuse and shut themselves off to avoid injury They can also monitor and report the amount of force needed to tighten a screw In other cases it is used to verify the skills of an employee to complete specific tasks For instance if an employee of a utility is installing a pipe they need to be certified to do the job A Track and Trace System can scan an ID badge and compare it against the utilitys Operator Qualification Database to ensure that the right people are performing the right tasks at the appropriate time Anticounterfeiting Counterfeiting is an issue for businesses governments and consumers around the globe Globalization has caused an increase in the size and complexity as counterfeiters can operate in countries with different laws languages and time zones It is difficult to trace and identify their activities Counterfeiting can impede economic growth damage brand reputation and could cause harm to human health The global anticounterfeiting authentication and verifiability technologies market is expected to grow at an annual rate of 118 from 2018 to 2023 This is due to the growing demand for products with more security features This technology can also be used to control supply chains and protect intellectual property rights Moreover it provides protection against cybersquatting and unfair competition The fight against counterfeiting requires the cooperation of stakeholders around the world Counterfeiters can sell their fake products by mimicking authentic products with the use of a lowcost manufacturing method They can make use of different methods and tools like holograms QR codes RFID tags and holograms to make their items appear authentic They also set up websites and social media accounts to promote their products This is why anticounterfeiting technology is essential to ensure the safety of consumers as well as the economy Some fake products are dangerous for the health of consumers and some cause financial losses for businesses The damages caused by counterfeiting can include recalls of products sales lost as well as fraudulent warranty claims and overproduction costs A business that is affected by counterfeiting may be unable to restore customer trust and loyalty The quality of counterfeit goods is also low and can harm the companys reputation and image By utilizing 3Dprinted security functions an innovative anticounterfeiting technique can help businesses protect products from counterfeiters University of Maryland chemical and biomolecular engineering PhD student PoYen Chen collaborated with colleagues from Anhui University of Technology and Qian Xie to create this new method of safeguarding products from counterfeits The research of the team relies on an 2D material tag and AIenabled software to verify the authenticity of products Authentication Authentication is a crucial aspect of security that verifies the identity and credentials of a user It is distinct from authorization which decides what tasks a user is able to perform or what files they are able to view Authentication validates credentials against existing identities to confirm access wwwpragmatickrcom is a crucial component of any security system but can be bypassed by sophisticated hackers By using the best authentication methods you will make it harder for thieves and fraudsters to take advantage of you There are a variety of authentication from biometrics passwordbased to biometrics and voice recognition The most commonly used type of authentication is passwordbased It requires the user to enter a password that matches the one they have stored The system will reject passwords that do not match Hackers can quickly identify weak passwords which is why its important to use strong passwords that are at minimum 10 characters long Biometrics are a more sophisticated form of authentication and they can include fingerprint scans retinal pattern scans and facial recognition These types of authentication methods are hard for attackers to duplicate or counterfeit therefore they are regarded as the most secure form of authentication Another type of authentication is possession Users are required to provide evidence of their unique features such as DNA or physical appearance Its usually paired with a time factor that can help to weed out those who are trying to take over a website from a distant location However these are supplemental forms of authentication and they are not a substitute for more robust methods like passwordbased or biometrics The second PPKA protocol is based on the same approach but requires an additional step in order to prove authenticity This step involves verifying the authenticity of the node and establishing a connection between it and its predecessors It also confirms the integrity of the node and checks whether it is linked with other sessions This is a significant improvement over the first protocol which could not achieve the goal of session unlinkability The second PPKA Protocol offers enhanced security against keylogging and sidechannel attacks Sidechannel attacks are used by cybercriminals to gain access to private information including usernames and passwords To prevent this the second PPKA Protocol uses the public key to encrypt the information it transmits to the other nodes This way the nodes private key is only accessible to other nodes that have verified its authenticity Security Any digital object should be secured from accidental corruption or malicious manipulation This can be accomplished by the combination of authenticity and nonrepudiation Authenticity verifies an objects identity by internal metadata and nonrepudiation proves that the object was not altered after it was sent While traditional methods for establishing the authenticity of an artifact involve identifying pervasive deceit and malice checking for integrity is more efficient and less intrusive Integrity is assessed by comparing the artifact to an incredibly vetted and identified original version This method is not without its limitations particularly when the integrity of an item could be compromised due to various reasons that are not connected to malice or fraud Utilizing a quantitative survey combination with expert conversations this research explores methods to verify the authenticity of luxury items The results reveal that both experts and consumers recognize many deficits in the authentication methods currently used to authenticate these valuable products The most wellknown weaknesses are the significant cost of authentication for products and a low trust that the methods used are working correctly The results also show that consumers are seeking a uniform authentication procedure and a reliable authentication certificate The results also show that both consumers and experts want to see improvements in the process of authentication for luxury goods It is evident that counterfeiting can cost companies trillions of dollars every year and poses a significant danger to health of consumers The development of effective methods to authenticate luxury products is therefore an important area of research
