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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that grows in the protective linings around organs like the abdomen and chest The majority of the time exposure to asbestos is the cause particularly for those who work in construction or industrial work Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to a good prognosis Patients with mesothelioma have better outcomes when they are diagnosed before the disease has progressed Causes Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that forms in the tissue that surrounds the chest and abdomen The most common form of malignant mesothelioma can be found in the lung linings stomach intestines and lungs It can also affect other tissues such as the tissue surrounding the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles Mesotheliomas most common cause is asbestos exposure Asbestos is a group of minerals that have tiny microscopic fibers Asbestos was used in many industries including shipbuilding construction and insulation Exposure to asbestos can cause mesothelioma symptoms for as long as 40 years after the last exposure The most commonly reported mesothelioma symptom is difficulty breathing This is due to the accumulation of fluid in the space between the lungs and chest wall Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma through reviewing a patients medical records and doing diagnostic tests They will check for any evidence of exposure to asbestos and examine the patients Xrays computed CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging MRI A biopsy is used to determine the presence of pleural mesothelioma In the course of the test doctors will take a small piece of tissue from the affected area to examine under the microscope A biopsy can be performed by using two methods that include VATS Videoassisted thoracoscopic surgery is a kind of keyhole surgery or a needle that is inserted using a CT scan Mesothelioma can be difficult to detect because the symptoms and signs are similar to other types of This is why its important to see a doctor for any signs that worry you When mesothelioma first manifests it is often in an advanced stage This means that treatment options will be limited The majority of patients suffering from lung mesothelioma die from complications such as pneumonia and respiratory failure Patients with mesothelioma in other organs such as pericardial mesothelioma or tunica vaginalis could suffer from complications that affect the bowel or the heart Symptoms A lot of the symptoms of mesothelioma can be compared to the symptoms of other diseases or conditions so it can be difficult for doctors to determine a diagnosis Patients may be asked about their exposure to asbestos They could also request an Xray of the chest or CT scan to identify problems with the lungs and chest The next step is typically a biopsy in which doctors will take a small portion of the patients blood to test for mesothelioma A biopsy can be used to determine whether the cancerous cells are malignant Pleural mesothelioma occurs in the lining of the lungs and symptoms often include shortness of breath and pain which gets worse over time Lung fluid accumulation pleural effusion can contribute to these symptoms too Other signs of pleural mesothelioma include a bloody cough abdominal pain and abdominal swelling and stomach weight loss fatigue and difficulty breathing Peritoneal mesothelioma is less common and typically triggers symptoms such as abdominal pain vomiting as well as fatigue and fever Mesothelioma of the tunica vulginalis is rarer and can cause pain in the testicular region a lump in the scrotum as well as loss of appetite If mesothelioma is spreading to other areas of the body doctors will apply an array of tests and treatments to treat it They may use chemotherapy radiation therapy and immunotherapy to end or slow mesotheliomas growth These treatments are available in the hospital at home or through a clinic A biopsy may also help doctors determine which mesothelioma type the patient has There are three main mesotheliomarelated cell types epithelioid and sarcomatoid and biphasic Epithelioid mesothelioma is the most common and tend to grow slower than other cancer cells making them less difficult to treat Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to treat and is prone to spreading rapidly If you notice any signs of any kind it is crucial to seek immediate treatment It is crucial to not defer an appointment because a misdiagnosis could hinder them from receiving the appropriate treatment and give the cancer more time to grow Patients who have mesothelioma treated aggressive treatment have a higher chance of living for longer Diagnosis It is often difficult to identify mesothelioma since it is a rare type of cancer cincinnati mesothelioma law firm could take weeks or months for doctors to determine the patient has an illness that requires treatment The doctor will also ask about the patients exposure to asbestos and when the symptoms began The doctor may request an imaging scan These tests can help determine areas of problem with the lungs and chest cavity A biopsy is the most important test used to identify mesothelioma It involves taking a small sample of the tumor and then examining it using the magnifying glass The specialist doctor who examines the tumor will be able to determine whether its mesothelioma or the type of mesothelioma that it is There are three types of mesothelioma epithelioid sarcomatoid and mixed biphasic The cell type is important because it affects how easy the tumor is to treat Epithelioid cell types are the most common found in approximately 70 of mesothelioma cases Sarcomatoid cancer cells are similar to the ones found in fibrous tissue They occur in about 30 of mesothelioma cases The most dangerous mesothelioma variant called mixed mesothelioma is when it has epithelioid and sarcomatoid cancer cells Blood tests can be used to determine whether the levels of fibulin3 and soluble mesothelin related propeptides along with osteopontin are high These substances are higher in mesothelioma than in the general population However the results of these tests do not prove or disprove mesothelioma diagnosis The doctor may also request other tests if mesothelioma is diagnosed to determine how far the cancer has spread and how it affects the health of the patient A lung function test for instance will reveal the efficiency of the lungs and help doctors determine if surgery is a viable option Other tests include a CT scan or an MRI A PETCT scan is a combination of the CT scan and a positron emissions tomography scanner that aids doctors in determining whether cancer has spread A doctor may also order an ultrasound scan to look for fluid accumulation around the heart Treatment Mesothelioma patients need to find a treatment that works for their specific diagnosis Treatment options include radiation chemotherapy and immunotherapy To receive the most effective care patients should work together with a medical team at an experienced mesothelioma clinic in their local area Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma by physical examination or laboratory tests as well as imaging scans A patient can be referred to a specialist for more thorough testing or treatment options such as biopsy A biopsy is a procedure that removes a small piece of tissue to examine under microscope Mesothelioma a cancerous growth that develops in the mesothelium a protective layer of cells that covers organs in the abdomen and chest is a cancer It can grow into bloodstreams and spread to other parts of the body In these instances it can lead to lifethreatening complications In addition to a biopsy doctors may conduct an CT scan or an MRI of the chest or abdomen These imaging tests are used to determine the presence of mesothelioma as well as other diseases They also can show how the tumor is affecting surrounding organs like how mesothelioma found in the lungs can affect the heart and intestines Blood tests can detect some substance in the blood that indicates the presence of mesothelioma However these tests are not always accurate and cant replace mesothelioma biopsies The early detection of mesothelioma can be vital to increase the chance of survival There are three mesothelioma types in relation to the cells that are formed Epithelioid is by far the most popular kind and is the most responsive to treatment Biphasic and mesothelioma with sarcomatoid less responsive to treatments and have a lower prognosis Malignant pleural mesothelioma forms in the lining of the lungs called the pleura Pleural mesothelioma can easily be treated by a doctor using surgery or chemotherapy This type of mesothelioma can be treated using two different surgeries extrapleural lung pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomypericardiectomy PD Doctors can also utilize hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy or HIOC to lower the likelihood that cancer will come back after surgery During HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting drugs directly into the area of surgery After that they rock the patient back and forth to bathe the area in hot chemotherapy fluids
