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Conformationally fixed oxacalix4arenebridged pillar5arene dimers comprising a pair of enantiomers and a meso isomer were designed and synthesized Furthermore chiral 2rotaxanes and 3rotaxanes were constructed Two pairs of enantiomers for 2rotaxanes one pair of enantiomers and a meso isomer for 3rotaxanes were found respectivelyInspired by the natural enzyme cascade reaction an artificial DNAzyme cascade system is developed for the amplified detection of intracellular miR141 The results showed that the method enormously enhanced the readout of the fluorescence signal and achieved a femtomolar detection limitRecently as a novel member of the IVVI group compounds twodimensional 2D buckled monolayer CSe has been discovered for use in highperformance lightemitting devices Q Zhang Y Feng X Chen W Zhang L Wu and Y Wang Nanomaterials 2019 9 598 However to date the heat transport properties of this novel CSe is still lacking which would hinder its potential application in electronic devices and thermoelectric materials that can generate electricity from waste heat Here we systematically study the heat transport properties of monolayer CSe based on ab initio calculations and phonon Boltzmann transport theory We find that the lattice thermal conductivity κlat of monolayer CSe is around 42 W m1 K1 at room temperature which is much lower than those of black phosphorene buckled phosphorene MoS2 and buckled arsenene Moreover the longitudinal acoustic phonon mode contributes the most to the κlat which is much larger than those of the outofplane phonon mode and transverse acoustic branches The calculated sizedependent κlat shows that the sample size can significantly reduce the κlat of monolayer CSe and can persist up to 10 μm These discoveries provide new insight into the sizedependent thermal transport in nanomaterials and guide the design of CSebased lowdimensional quantum devices such as thermoelectric devicesIn a recent report the fractal selfassembly of gold nanoparticles AuNPs having a directional feature was observed in the presence of visible light Therein the visible light an external parameter was suspected to be responsible for the directional feature Herein we investigate the intrinsic factors the aspect size ratio p and the size a of AuNPs in modulating the fractal characteristics of their selfassemblies Through light scattering experiments and microscopic imaging we demonstrate the transition of morphologies from fractallike to crossshaped in gold colloidal aggregates with particles having nearly spherical and ellipsoidal shapes respectively The transition indicates the competitive role of anisotropy and fluctuations in deciding the morphological characteristics of the aggregates By taking noisereduced diffusionlimited aggregation NRDLA as a model system we address the shape and size induced noise of the particles in the colloidal systems which are prone to form fractal aggregates We qualitatively relate the noise due to the particles having a distinct aspect size ratio p and size a with the noise reduction parameter m of NRDLA The realistic nature of the experimental systems where the particles of different p and a are present during the growth process is incorporated by introducing the Gaussian noise reduction in diffusionlimited aggregation DLA The morphological phase transition in Gaussian noise reduced DLA is characterized and its relevance for accounting the shape and size originated noise fluctuations during the fractal growth process is discussed The results of the present study may be used for tailored applications of AuNPs in drug delivery biomedicine biosensing and cancer nanotechnologyZirconium tetramandelate 2hydroxy2phenylacetate has been used for selective gravimetric analysis of zirconium for over 70 years Herein its crystal structure is reported from synchrotron powder Xray diffraction and 13C solidstate NMR The complex is a rare example of isolated zirconium cations rather than the clusters prevalent in aqueous solutionsThe standard random phase approximation RPA model is applied to investigate the cononsolvency of polymers in mixtures of two good solvents It is shown that in the RPA framework the two types of cononsolvency behaviors reported in previous theoretical studies can be unified under the same concept of meanfield density correlations The two types of cononsolvency are distinguished by the solvent composition at which maximum immiscibility is predicted to occur The maximum immiscibility occurs with the cosolvent being the minor solvent if the driving mechanism is the preferential solvation of polymers For the cononsolvency driven by the preferential mixing of solvents the maximum immiscibility is predicted at a symmetric solvent composition An interplay of the two driving forces gives rise to a reentrant behavior in which the cononsolvency of the two types switches from one to the other through a conventional region where the overall solvent quality varies monotonically with the solvent composition The RPA model developed in this work provides a unified analytical framework for understanding the conformational and solubility transition of polymers in multisolvent mixtures click here Such findings highlight the complex role played by the solvents in polymer solutions a problem of fundamental and practical interest in diverse applications of materials scienceGlatiramer acetate GA a linear random copolypeptide is a firstline treatment for multiple sclerosis MS A major concern however is that GA treatment is associated with adverse effects and poor patient adherence due to the need for frequent injections Here we describe improved performance of the polymeric drug even at low doses with lessfrequent injections through the modification of its architecture into a starshaped GA sGA In a sGA multiple GAs are covalently linked onto a core which greatly changes their properties such as molecular weight size and shape The spherical sGA is retained longer in the body after intraperitoneal injection and is more readily internalized by RAW 2647 macrophage cells and bone marrowderived dendritic cells than GA In C57BL6 mice induced with experimental autoimmune encephalitis a mouse model for MS sGA treatment exerts disease amelioration effect that is significantly better than that of GA despite a lower dose and less frequent injection Moreover spinal cord pathologies of demyelination and leukocyte infiltration are dramatically less pronounced in the sGA treatment condition compared to the GA treatment condition