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Melody Blue Spix Macaw After a long time filled with speculation and worry Brazilians and German conservationists were able successfully bring a group of couples back into their natural habitat Their story is inspiring but also rife with backbiting and jealousies The first hurdle was obtaining enough birds for the trade Macaws are monogamous so the pairs had to be wellmatched Range A South African couple has taken on the mission to save the critically threatened Spixs Macaw This bird was declared extinct by the United Nations in 2000 because of decades of habitat destruction and poaching They have a few of the birds in captivity and are hoping to release them near Curaca They call the birds little blue companions and compare their journey to the story of Presley the only known Spixs Macaw in wild They describe him as a true survivor who lost his family but remained loyal to his area They consider their lives in the Caatinga as akin to his and feel a strong connection to him Researchers were able study the behavior of the Spixs Macaw in the wild and better understand how this species has survived for so long This also helped them form a more accurate estimate of the historic population numbers of this unique bird Researchers were able gather important data on the birds daily movements its seasonal adjustment to drought and eating habits Researchers also observed attempts to reproduce with the hybrid Illigers and Spixs macaw couple which was a crucial step in the recovery of this species It was a remarkable feat that this bird was able to endure and thrive in the wild despite an insufficient gene pool and has helped scientists to understand how these birds could be returned to the wild The survival of the bird that was killed inspired people to take action to save other parrots as well as endangered species It has also prompted zoos and other groups to set up up their own captive breeding programs for these exotic birds This working group is an example of how conservation groups as well as other organizations and individuals can work together to save endangered wildlife and animals This group brings together Brazilian government officials zoo reps international holders of the Spixs macaw and ornithologists with a common goal that is the recovery of this endangered bird The group has already accomplished a lot of work This includes preparing plans to reintroduce the bird back to the wild The group has also worked to raise funds to support field research as well as community outreach and captivebreed birds for the reintroduction program The group has also set up an ongoing committee to oversee the reintroduction of the bird Habitat Ten years ago the Spixs Macaw Cyanopsitta Spixii was thought to be extinct It was endangered due to the destruction of habitats and poaching that was illegal Today ornithologists and aviculturists continue to work tirelessly to bring this iconic bird back from the brink of extinction A popular animated movie and two sequels have made Spixs Macaw known to millions of people around the world However this is only the beginning in the long road to save these birds from the edge A multinational team has been working for decades to breed and reintroduce Spixs macaws born in captivity to the wild The Spixs Macaw is an endemic species to a small region of northeast Brazil known as the Caatinga This dry region has flat savannah scrubland that is scattered with galleries and streams that flow through the season It was first documented in 1819 and is among the leastknown Neotropical Parrots There are only sporadic glimpses of the wild with a few birds that are kept in captivity and a few museum specimens To protect the population that is declining an international committee was formed that brought together aviculturists that had the last remaining birds as well as officials from the government The group forged a partnership with the renowned nonprofit organization Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation of Qatar to develop a program to reintroduce Spixs Macaws back to their natural environment AWWP has acquired and is restoring 2380 hectares in the Caatinga close to Curaca Brazil of prime habitat AWWP also breeds and raises birds to be released in the wild This will give a geneticallypure source of animals for future generations Spixs Macaws are typically found in trees and are seldom seen on the ground They build nests in hollows or holes and search to find seeds fruits nuts and various other plants They will typically spend up to one third of the day in the nest To aid in tracking the Spixs macaws and their movements a local community was recruited to become part of the field team The community was provided with watches that would be activated if Spixs Macaws are identified This allowed them to track the birds in the wild and their daily movements This method has proven successful Diet The Spixs Macaw is the only species belonging to the genus Cyanopsitta The International Union for Conservation of Nature declared it extinct in the wild on April 1 2019 This was after the last wild parrot vanished in 2000 and no more birds were discovered in subsequent surveys However a reintroduction project is in the process of trying to return this critically endangered bird to its natural habitat in Caatinga This region in northeast Brazil is home to about 10 of the country Spixs Macaws were amidst the hollows of old caraibeiras and were also known to eat seeds and nuts A reintroduction program is now in progress to restore a wild population of the Spixs Macaw Eight captiveraised Spixs macaws were released into the wild in June Twelve more are expected to be released in 2022 They will be joined in the area by a group of Bluewinged Macaws that have been reintroduced and will share information about food sources nesting sites and places to roost The reintroduction program has collected valuable data from biology on the behavior of this unique bird which includes details about daily movements patterns as well as seasonal adjustments to drought It has also opened a window on the natural history of the Macaws of Spix which helps to understand the factors that led to their extinction Spixs Macaws consume the fruits nuts and seeds of many plants that are native to the Caatinga Biome Pinhaobravo linhas Brasil and facheiro Pilosocereus Pachycladus are all included in this diet The acai palm Acaia olive and mofumbo Combretum léprosum fruits are also edible Spixs Macaws as with all parrots and other bird species are social birds that form close bonds with their parents They are extremely vocal and often imitate human speech and other sounds They have a mating cry known as whichaka described as an incredibly short and repetitive noise similar to a flutist note They are known to fly fast and high when they are in the mood to breed Breeding Spixs Macaws are highly intelligent and social birds They communicate by screeching squawking and other sounds As with many parrots they are able to mimic human speech harlequin macaw have a strict routine for their day from flights to bathing routines and can identify members of their flock They are adored as pets and are frequently targeted by the illegal bird trade because of this By the early 1980s only three Spixs macaws remained in the wild and all of them poached In 1995 poachers massacred the male and female birds as part of an attempt to pair them Since since then all Spixs Macaws known have been captivebred mostly in Brazil The Spixs Macaws that are in captivity are a mixture of birds and are the descendant of just two individuals This leaves them vulnerable to illnesses and other environmental threats The majority of the birds in captivity are in the breeding center in Germany but this year an agreement between the German conservation center and the Brazilian government was not renewed which raises doubt about the future plans to return the birds and return them back into the wild Despite their shaky numbers captivebred Spixs macaws show signs of improvement This was evident when the Swiss breeder beat the sheikh of Qatar to buy three Spixs Macaws from a collector As a result of this and other efforts captivebred birds are beginning reproduce but not at a rapid rate Reintroducing the birds to the wild will require that they remain healthy and produce Choosing the right birds to release is equally important Macaws should be reproductive and be paired up with siblings or close relatives It may be difficult to bring the Spixs macaw back into the wild but it is vital to try ABC and its partners have established reserves to protect the last remaining habitats of this species The eight recently released Spixs macaws are going to be joined by bluewinged macaws which are more prevalent in the Caatinga and are found in overlapping areas with the Spixs macaws These savvy birds will help macaws to become familiar with the area and will offer security in large numbers