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Types of Anxiety Disorders Everyone experiences anxiety and fear at times but if these feelings are extreme or ongoing and interfere with daily life they could indicate an anxiety disorder Treatments include medication talk therapy or psychotherapy First see your doctor to determine if there are any physical issues that might be the cause of your symptoms A psychiatrist or another mental health specialist can diagnose the kind of anxiety disorder you are suffering from Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious at times and there are many valid reasons to be worried about things such as job responsibilities and financial obligations as well as health If the worry is constant and consumes your life it could be a more serious anxiety disorder referred to as generalized anxiety disorder People with GAD have feelings of dread that influence their lives for the rest of their lives and are often difficult to control They are prone to anticipate the worst or assume that minor problems will develop into major catastrophes GAD can affect anyone It usually starts in childhood or adolescence but it can happen at any time It is twice as prevalent in women and those deemed to females at birth as men GAD can lead to physical discomforts like headaches and stomachaches It can also make it difficult to sleep It can also cause people to withdraw and lose selfesteem It can affect work and social activities People with severe chronic GAD are at a greater risk of depression However treatment can help to manage both disorders The specific cause of anxiety disorders is unknown they appear to be linked to genetics and changes in brain structure which affect the way your body reacts to stress Some experts believe that an imbalance of neurotransmitters within the brain may also play a part Although there is no cure for GAD however it is manageable with psychotherapy talk therapy and medication Psychotherapy or talk therapy includes a range of treatments that help you identify and change unhealthy thoughts emotions and behaviours Cognitive behavior therapy is a form of talk therapy which can help you control your distorted thoughts and reduce your anxiety by confronting them Some physical symptoms such as heart palpitations or dizziness can be cured by taking medications They include antidepressants benzodiazepines and certain medications used to treat seizures like hydroxyzine GAD is difficult to recognize however you should seek help if your worrying or other symptoms of the condition are apparent Early treatment is more effective as it allows you to control the physical and mental symptoms before they become a major part of your life Panic disorder This kind of anxiety disorder is characterized by repeated sudden feelings of intense terror and fear that peak within minutes panic attacks People who have this disorder may also suffer from chest discomfort breathlessness or feeling like their heart is beating or flaring heart palpitations They worry that the symptoms theyre experiencing are symptoms of a heart attack People who have panic disorder are at risk of developing other anxiety disorders and may be at increased risk of depression and other health issues like asthma or hyperthyroidism The root cause of anxiety disorders isnt known however researchers believe they develop from a combination of factors Some research suggests they may be related to faulty brain circuits that control fear and emotion Other studies suggest that genetics life experiences such as childhood abuse or traumatic events are the most common causes of anxiety disorder Many people suffering from anxiety issues have a first degree relative with the disorder People who have anxiety disorders may be worried all the time even when they realize that their fears are irrational This can lead to difficulty when it comes to social situations work or school Some people with anxiety disorder s also have difficulty sleeping or eating well They might also experience tension in their muscles irritability and difficulties concentrating A person suffering from generalized anxiety disorder is likely to be plagued by many worries about everyday tasks such as the demands of their job or family issues They might also feel anxious and tired or have trouble in concentrating They might also be concerned about their safety or the safety of others The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders Treatments include medicine psychotherapy and complementary health practices A mental health professional can assist you in identifying the condition that is causing your symptoms and suggest the best treatment Psychotherapy also known as talk therapy can help you understand how to cope with your worries and reduce the amount of panic attacks you have There are a variety of psychotherapy including cognitive behavior therapy as well as exposure response preventative These treatments can be carried out individually or in group Social anxiety disorder While many people are nervous or shy in certain situations the social anxiety disorder causes such intense anxiety fear and avoidance of social interactions that it interferes with daily life routines It usually begins in childhood but can also appear in early adulthood It is usually manifested as anxiety about specific social situations such as having a conversation in class or going out on dates or it could be more generalized and include the avoidance of situations that could result in being judged by other people While the person with SAD realizes that their anxiety is unfounded they feel helpless to overcome it They attempt to manage the symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety but this can make them feel even more anxious They might also develop safety behavior to lessen their anxiety For example drinking alcohol avoid talking to others or avoid eye contact In addition to the psychological treatments some sufferers suffering from SAD can benefit from medication Antidepressants can help balance certain neurotransmitters in the brain Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs and serotoninnorepinephrine reuptake inhibitors SNRIs If you or someone you know has social anxiety disorder its important to get treatment The disorder can be lifethreatening if left untreated and can cause mental health issues such as depression and substance misuse If you or someone else you know has suicidal feelings call 911 or your local crisis hotline or text TALK 741741 to speak with a crisis counselor One in four sufferers of anxiety disorders receive treatment The main barriers to treatment are ignorance that anxiety disorders are real a lack of investment in mental health services and stigma Its also important to make sure that your healthcare provider recognizes the different types of anxiety disorders to ensure that you will be properly diagnosed and treated Ask your doctor to refer to an expert in mental health when youre unsure if you suffer from anxiety disorders or use an online screening tool Specific Phobias A person with a particular fear has a consistent and intense fear of one or more objects situations such as animals objects or people These fears are often not proportional to the dangers that the object or circumstance creates but they can cause distress and interfere in the daily activities of Contrary to other forms of anxiety disorders specific phobias are characterized by anxiety over one stimulus rather than multiple stimuli The object or situation that is feared could be anything from dogs to heights or flying injections to flying and areas that are crowded This condition is prevalent throughout the world more often in men than women and is more likely to begin in childhood or early adolescence Specific phobias are not unreasonable fears but the fear remains real Children with specific fears usually get over them However if the phobia persists in adulthood it can be difficult to treat Doctors diagnose the disorder by looking at the symptoms and how they impact daily functioning Before determining a phobia doctors are able to rule out other disorders with similar symptoms such as agoraphobia or social anxiety disorders In previous DSM editions adult patients needed to recognize their irrational fear as a part of the diagnosis but the 2013 edition states that it is no longer necessary for adults Treatment options for certain phobias include cognitive behavior therapy and exposurebased therapy Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses primarily on educating people about healthier coping mechanisms and changing their reactions to fear The treatment is based on exposure which involves gradual and systematic exposure of the feared object or circumstance The patient may begin by imagining the object or event They may then move on to seeing pictures of it walking in front of an elevator playing with toys going to a zoo and looking at real snakes and then riding a crowded lift This type of therapy may not cure a fear but it can reduce the intensity Other options for treating certain phobias include medications such as antidepressants and anxiety psychotherapy as well as other medications panic anxiety disorder with specific phobias who take these treatments often experience better outcomes