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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the linings that protect organs like the chest and abdomen It is usually caused by exposure to asbestos especially for those working in construction or industrial jobs Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for a successful prognosis Patients with mesothelioma are more likely to have better outcomes when they are diagnosed before the disease has spread Causes Mesothelioma an aggressive cancerous tumor that develops in the tissue that lines the abdomen and chest is a rare illness Malignant mesothelioma is most often found in the linings of the lungs stomach and intestines It can also affect other tissues such as the tissues surrounding the heart pericardial msothelioma and the testicles Mesothelioma is primarily caused by asbestos exposure Asbestos is one of the minerals that have thin microscopic fibers Asbestos was once widely used in a variety of industries including construction insulation and shipbuilding People exposed to asbestos may develop symptoms of mesothelioma up to 40 years after their last exposure to the material The most common symptom of mesothelioma is difficulty breathing This is caused by a buildup in the lungs space and the chest wall Doctors can diagnose the disease through examining the medical records of patients and performing diagnostic tests They will review the patients Xrays computedtomography CT and magnetic resonance imaging scans MRI to determine whether there is a history of asbestos exposure A biopsy is the most common procedure to diagnose mesothelioma that is pleural In the course of the test doctors will take a small portion of tissue from the affected region to examine under an microscope A biopsy can be done using two methods such as VATS a type of keyhole surgery A needle that is inserted through a CT scan Mesothelioma can be difficult to recognize because the symptoms and signs are similar to other diseases This is why its so important to see a doctor whenever you notice any signs that concern you When mesothelioma is first discovered it usually occurs in advanced stages Treatment options are limited The majority of patients with mesothelioma in the lung die from complications of the disease such as respiratory failure and pneumonia A smaller percentage of patients with mesothelioma affecting other organs for instance those with pericardial or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma They die due to complications of the heart or bowels Symptoms The symptoms of mesothelioma are comparable to those of other diseases or conditions which is why it can be difficult for doctors to establish a diagnosis They may begin by asking patients about their experience of exposure to asbestos They may also order a CT scan or chest Xray to check for problems in the lungs and chest The next step is typically a biopsy Doctors take a small sample for the purpose of testing mesothelioma A biopsy can be used to determine if the cancer cells are malignant The lining of the lungs is affected by pleural mesothelioma which can cause pain and shortness of breath that can get worse over time Fluid buildup in the lungs pleural effusion can contribute to these symptoms too Other signs of pleural mesothelioma include bloody coughing abdominal pain and abdominal swelling and stomach weight loss fatigue and difficulty breathing Peritoneal Mesothelioma which is less frequent can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain nausea as well as fatigue and fever Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis area is even less common and can cause pain in the testicular area a lump in the scrotum as well as loss of appetite If mesothelioma has spread into other parts of the body doctors will use a combination of tests and treatments to treat it They can use chemotherapy radiation therapy and immunotherapy to stop or slow the growth of mesothelioma These treatments can be administered in the hospital at home at a clinic or through the clinic A biopsy can assist doctors determine the type of mesothelioma that a patient has There are three main mesothelioma cell types epithelioid biphasic and sarcomatoid The most commonly used mesothelioma type is epithelioid They are slower to grow than other cancerous cells and can be treated more easily Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to treat and can grow rapidly If you experience any symptoms it is important to seek immediate treatment It is essential to seek treatment immediately if they experience any symptoms A misdiagnosis can prevent them from receiving the appropriate treatment and prolong cancer time The odds of someone who has mesothelioma live longer are better when they receive a more aggressive treatment Diagnosis It is often difficult to diagnose mesothelioma because it is a rare form of cancer It could take doctors weeks or even months to identify a patient suffering from an illness that requires treatment In addition to a physical examination the doctor will ask questions regarding asbestos exposure and how symptoms developed The doctor might also suggest an imaging scan These tests will help identify areas where there is a issue in the lungs or chest cavity The main test used to detect mesothelioma is a biopsy that involves removing a small piece of the tumor and studying it under microscope The specialist doctor will be able discern if the cancer is mesothelioma and also the type There are three types of mesothelioma epithelioid sarcomatoid or mixed biphasic The type of cell can affect how well the tumor can be treated About 70 percent of mesothelioma patients have epithelioid cancer cells Sarcomatoid cancer cells are similar to those that are found in fibrous tissue They are found in 30 of mesothelioma cases toledo mesothelioma law firm called mixed mesothelioma occurs when it is composed of epithelioid as well as sarcomatoid cancer cells The use of blood tests is in order to determine if the levels of fibulin3 as well as soluble mesothelin derived peptides as well as osteopontin are elevated These substances are more prevalent in mesothelioma compared to the general population The results of these tests are not conclusive in proving or disproving a mesothelioma diagnose The doctor might also recommend other tests when mesothelioma is diagnosed to determine the extent to which the cancer has spread and how it affects the health of the patient For instance the lung function test will show how the lungs are functioning and assist doctors in deciding whether surgery is a possibility Other tests include a CT scan or MRI PETCT scans combine the CT scan with a positron emission tomography scanner which aids doctors find out if the cancer has taken hold and where its situated A doctor might also request an ultrasound to check for the accumulation of fluid around the heart Treatment Mesothelioma patients have to find an effective treatment for their specific diagnosis Treatment options include radiation chemotherapy and immunotherapy Patients should work with the specialists of an experienced mesothelioma cancer center in their local area to receive the best care possible Doctors can identify mesothelioma using physical examination laboratory tests and imaging scans A patient can be referred to more thorough testing or treatment options such as biopsies A biopsy is the removal of a tiny portion of tissue to be examined under a microscope Mesothelioma a tumor that occurs in the mesothelium a protective layer of cells that covers organs on the abdomen and chest is a cancer It can expand into the bloodstream and then spread to other parts of the body where it can lead to lifethreatening complications In addition to a biopsied scan doctors can also perform a CT scan of the abdomen or chest These imaging tests are utilized to look for signs of mesothelioma and other diseases They also can show how the tumors effects are on the organs around it For instance a mesothelioma that affects the lungs can also affect the intestines and the heart Blood tests can detect mesothelioma through the detection of a substance that is present in blood However these tests arent always reliable and cannot substitute for the mesothelioma biopsy Early detection of mesothelioma is vital to increase the chance of survival Three mesothelioma types exist according to the type of cells that form Epithelioid the most common kind and is the most responsive to treatment Sarcomatoid and biphasic mesothelioma is less susceptible to treatment and have a poorer prognosis The Pleura is a lining that covers the lungs Pleural mesothelioma can easily be treated by doctors with either chemotherapy or surgery The mesothelioma type can be treated with two different surgeries extrapleural pulmonary pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomypericardiectomy PD Doctors can also utilize hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy or HIOC to reduce the chance that the cancer will return after surgery In HIOC doctors inject cancerfighting drugs directly into the surgical site Then they rock the patient backwards and forwards to bathe the area with hot chemotherapy fluids
