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https://telegra.ph/A-Guide-To-Pragmatic-From-Start-To-Finish-09-18

Study of Chinese Learners Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to the learnerinternal aspects CLKs awareness of pragmatic resistance and the social ties they had access to were crucial Researchers from TS ZL for example cited their relationships with their local professors as a key factor in their rational decision to avoid criticizing a strict professor see example 2 This article reviews all locally published pragmatic research on Korean up to 2020 It focuses on the practical fundamental topics like Discourse Construction Tests The test for discourse completion DCT is a widely used instrument in pragmatic research It has numerous advantages but it also has a few disadvantages The DCT is one example It cannot account cultural and individual differences The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations It is important to carefully analyze the data before it is used in research or assessment Despite its limitations the DCT can be a useful tool for analyzing the connection between prosody information structure and nonnative speakers Its ability to use two or more stages to manipulate social variables related to politeness is a plus This characteristic can be utilized to study the impact of prosody in various cultural contexts In the field of linguistics the DCT has emerged as one of the most significant tools to analyze learners behavior in communication It can be used to analyze many issues such as politeness turntaking and lexical choices It can be used to evaluate the phonological complexity of learners speaking Recent research has used a DCT as an instrument to test the refusal skills of EFL students The participants were given an array of scenarios and asked to choose the appropriate response from the options offered The authors concluded that the DCT was more effective than other measures to stop people from refusing including a questionnaire and video recordings Researchers cautioned however that the DCT must be employed with caution They also recommended using other data collection methods DCTs are typically created with specific linguistic requirements in mind like the content and the form These criteria are intuitive and based upon the assumptions of test creators They may not be precise and they could be misleading about the way ELF learners actually refuse requests in realworld interactions This issue calls for more research into different methods to assess the ability to refuse In a recent study DCT responses to student requests via email were compared with those from an oral DCT The results revealed that DCT was more direct and conventionally indirect request forms and made a less frequent use of hints than email data did Metapragmatic Questionnaires MQs This study investigated Chinese learners pragmatic choices when using Korean It used a variety of experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews Participants were 46 CLKs with upperintermediate proficiency who gave responses to DCTs and MQs They were also asked to think about their evaluations and refusal responses in RIs The results revealed that CLKs are more likely to resist native Korean norms of pragmatism Their choices were influenced by four factors their personalities and multilingual identities their ongoing life histories and their relational affordances These findings have implications for pedagogy for L2 Korean assessment First the MQ data were examined to identify the participants rational choices The data was categorized according Ishihara 2010s definition of pragmatic resistance Then the choices were compared with their linguistic performance on the DCTs to determine if they showed a pattern of resistance to pragmatics or not Interviewees also had to explain the reasons for choosing the pragmatic approach in certain situations The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then analysed using descriptive statistics and Ztests The CLKs were found use euphemistic terms such as sorry or thank you This could be due to their lack of familiarity with the target languages which led to an insufficient understanding of the korean pragmatic norms The results revealed that CLKs preferences for converging to L1 norms or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varied by the DCT situations For example in Situation 3 and 12 the CLKs preferred to diverge from both L1 and pragmatic norms whereas in Situation 14 they favored converging to L1 norms The RIs showed that CLKs were aware of their logical resistance to every DCT situation The RIs were conducted onetoone basis within a period of two days of the participants completing the MQs The RIs were recorded and transcribed and then coded by two coders from different companies The coders worked in an iterative manner with the coders rereading and discussing each transcript The results of coding are contrasted with the original RI transcripts to determine whether they reflected the actual behavior Interviews with Refusal The most important issue in research on pragmatics is Why do some learners choose not to accept nativespeaker norms A recent study attempted to answer this question by employing a variety of research tools including DCTs MQs and RIs The participants comprised 46 CLKs 44 CNSs and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities They were asked to perform the DCTs in their first language and complete the MQs in either their L1 or L2 프라그마틱 무료체험 were then invited to an RI where they were asked to reflect and discuss their responses to each DCT situation The results showed that CLKs on average did not conform to the patterns of native speakers in more than 40 of their responses They did this despite the fact that they could produce patterns that closely resembled natives They were also aware of their pragmatism resistance They attributed their choice to learnerinternal factors such as their identities and personalities as well as multilingual identities They also referred to external factors such as relational affordances They outlined for instance how their interactions with their professors helped them to perform more comfortably in terms of the cultural and linguistic expectations of their university The interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures or penalties they might face if their local social norms were violated They were worried that their local friends might consider them foreigners and believe that they are unintelligent This worry was similar to the one expressed by Brown 2013 and Ishihara 2009 These results suggest that nativespeaker pragmatic norms are not the preferred choice of Korean learners They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency tests But it is advisable for future researchers to reassess their relevance in specific scenarios and in various cultural contexts This will enable them to better comprehend how different environments could affect the practical behavior of learners in the classroom and beyond Moreover it will assist educators to create more effective methods to teach and test the koreas pragmatics Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor for Stratways Group a geopolitical risk consultancy based out of Seoul Case Studies The case study method is an investigative technique that employs participantcentered indepth investigations to investigate a particular subject This method utilizes multiple data sources including documents interviews and observations to prove its findings This kind of research is useful for examining unique or complex subjects that are difficult to quantify with other methods The first step in conducting a case study is to clearly define the subject and the goals of the study This will help determine what aspects of the subject matter are essential to study and which can be omitted It is also useful to review the existing literature to gain a general understanding of the subject It will also help place the case in a wider theoretical context This case study was built on an opensource platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard 50 as well as its Koreanspecific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar figure 1 below The results of the experiment revealed that L2 Korean students were particularly vulnerable to native models They tended to select wrong answer choices that were literal interpretations of prompts which were not based on the correct pragmatic inference They also showed a strong tendency to include their own words or garbage to their responses This also lowered the quality of their answers The participants in this study were L2 Korean students who had achieved level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their second or third university year and were aiming to achieve level six on their next attempt They were required to answer questions regarding their WTCSPCC as well as understanding and pragmatic awareness The interviewees were presented with two scenarios each involving a hypothetical interaction with their interlocutors and were asked to select one of the following strategies to use when making an inquiry The interviewees were then asked to justify their choice The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personalities For instance TS claimed that she was difficult to connect to and she therefore refused to ask about the health of her interlocutors despite having an intense workload despite the fact that she believed that native Koreans would do this