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https://www.iampsychiatry.com/anxiety-treatment

Drugs to Treat Anxiety Disorders Psychiatrists treat anxiety disorders with various tools The use of drugs is often part of a threepronged strategy including psychotherapy and exercise SSRIs or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are typically prescribed as the firstline antidepressants for anxiety disorders They decrease anxiety by the neurotransmitter that regulates mood Other medications include tricyclic antidepressants beta blockers and benzodiazepines propranolol atenolol They can increase blood pressure and you may require your blood pressure measured during your treatment with these medications Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines are an effective treatment for anxiety offering immediate relief and helping you to feel more peaceful and relaxed Iampsychiatry help by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain which can help reduce tension and anxiety Benzodiazepines also work as a sedative that helps you get a good nights sleep GPs can prescribe a variety of benzodiazepines including alprazolam diazepoxide clonazepam and lorazep and flurazepoxide While benzodiazepines can be a powerful medication to treat anxietyrelated symptoms however they should be used cautiously They can lead to dependence if employed for long periods of time This is why they are prescribed for shortterm use The GP should take this into consideration when prescribing benzodiazepines and discuss the potential risks with patients Some people abuse benzodiazepines by taking them more frequently or longer than prescribed or by mixing them up with alcohol or other drugs This could be risky and can increase the risk of side consequences Its important to keep all of your medications such as benzodiazepines stored in a secure place so that they can only be accessed by you or those authorized to access them by you You could be at a higher chance of developing addiction to benzodiazepines if there is a an antecedent history of drug or alcoholic abuse It is essential to inform your GP whether youve had any previous issues with substance misuse to help them assess your risk more carefully and monitor your treatment more carefully Before prescribing benzodiazepines GPs must consider other options to treat anxiety They may include relaxation techniques like yoga tai chi tai chi meditation as well as other exercises They may suggest talking therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy CBT and exposure therapy which can be useful for many people helping to pinpoint the root of anxiety create strategies to cope and improve their emotional wellbeing Antidepressants like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs and selective norepinephrine receptor inhibitors SNRIs can also be effective in treating anxiety These medications can be taken in conjunction with a larger anxiety management plan with the use of benzodiazepines for shortterm relief from anxiety while waiting for the longlasting effects of the antidepressants kick in Antidepressants There are a myriad of medicines that can be used to alleviate anxiety These medications all boost the amount of certain chemicals in your mind which can influence your mood Your doctor will determine which one is best for you based on your medical history and symptoms Antidepressants like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs and serotoninnorepinephrine reuptake inhibitors SNRIs are some of the most common medications used to treat anxiety disorders They are available in most pharmacies They are typically taken every day Youll need a prescription from your doctor to get them but generic versions are generally less expensive than the branded version SSRIs are generally considered the firstchoice pharmaceutical treatment for most anxiety disorders including generalized anxiety disorder GAD obsessivecompulsive disorder OCD panic disorderagoraphobia and posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD They prevent the reabsorption of the chemical serotonin into the presynaptic nerve cells which produce and release it They also decrease the amount of norepinephrine released in response to stressful situations and help improve sleep Another type of antidepressant can be described as a tricyclic antidepressant It can be effective for certain people but its side effects and drowsiness restrict its use There is a different class of drugs known as monoamine oxidase inhibitors These can be beneficial in treating anxiety but their dietary restrictions and negative side effects such as erectile dysfunction and weight gain they are not as popular Sometimes combining therapy and medication is the best way to control anxiety Psychotherapy is more costeffective and effective than medications alone for many people who suffer from anxiety Cognitive behavioral therapy CBT can help you identify the triggers that cause your anxiety and help you learn to cope CBT can also help you understand how to stay clear of negative thoughts that can trigger anxiety Certain people may need to take medication for anxiety for a prolonged period depending on their individual symptoms and how they respond to other treatments Research is ongoing to determine how and why these drugs improve anxiety and what the ideal duration of treatment is Some people with severe anxiety may benefit from newer antidepressants such as esketamine which is also known as Spravato Sedatives Sedatives are medications that calm the central nervous system and encourage sleep Doctors prescribe them to treat sleep and anxiety disorders They increase the activity of the brain of a neurotransmitter known as gamma aminobutyric acid GABA to reduce the activity of neurons and reduce the rate of excitability This can lead to feelings of calm Sedatives may also cause drowsiness or decrease muscle spasms These medications are also used to induce general anesthesia Zdrugs and benzodiazepines comprise the most commonly prescribed sedatives Benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed They include Xanax as well as Librium Valium chlordiazepoxide or diazepoxide Ativan and Lorazepam Zdrugs are a type of hypnotic medication that induces sleepiness through binding to receptors in the spinal cord and brain they are known as Zdrugs These drugs have a calming effect that lasts from just a few hours to a whole day If sedatives are used in conjunction together with other medications such as alcohol or opiates they could have harmful side effects They can cause impaired judgment as well as drowsiness and loss of coordination They can also trigger confusion and depression Sedatives are also addictive and can cause dependence when used for a long period of time The effects of dependence are evident when someone is taking large doses or stops taking the drug abruptly In addition to sedatives antidepressants are commonly prescribed for anxiety They work by preventing neurons in the mind from absorbing a chemical known as serotonin Serotonin is a key chemical for mood regulation People who take antidepressants to treat anxiety typically take them for 6 to 12 months and then gradually reduce their dosage Most people dont develop a tolerance to these medications and dont feel withdrawal or dependence when they stop taking the medication Cognitive behavioral therapy and EMDR are two different treatments for anxiety CBT helps people recognize the triggers for anxiety and learn to manage the situation It is a suggested treatment for PTSD however it could be beneficial for other ailments as well During this type of therapy the patient recalls life experiences that have caused anxiety and shifts their eyes around Psychotherapy Anxiety disorders GAD GAD with comorbid depression panic disorder and agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder affect people of all ages backgrounds and income levels These disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders that affect adults They are treated by medication or psychotherapy Certain medications can alleviate certain symptoms but others have severe negative side effects They should only be used as part of a complete treatment plan that includes psychotherapy The medications for anxiety disorders are typically prescribed to alleviate symptoms like excessive worry restlessness and trembling They also help with other symptoms often associated with anxiety disorders like fatigue or depression Antidepressants are also prescribed to treat anxiety and some of them are effective in people without a depressive disorder Selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors SSRIs and serotoninnorepinephrine reuptake inhibitors SNRIs are the most effective medications for treating anxiety These medications reduce anxiety by increasing levels of serotonin a moodenhancing chemical in the brain These medications may cause nausea vomiting and headaches at first However these side effects will typically diminish with time SSRIs and SNRIs arent the only drugs that can be used to treat anxiety These include venlafaxine vortioxetine bupropion XL buspirone the doxepine and valproic acid VPA in a few formulations Most of these drugs however havent been thoroughly tested in headtohead trials and only have limited evidence of their effectiveness for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder Benzodiazepines can be used as an alternative to SSRIs or SNRIs but they have dangerous sideeffects and may become habitforming They can also interfere in the effectiveness of psychotherapy and many patients will feel withdrawal symptoms if treatment with benzodiazepine is abruptly stopped Due to these dangers benzodiazepines are only recommended as a lastresort treatment in conjunction with other treatments However if symptoms become severe or life threatening a doctor might recommend taking these medications