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https://www.pdc.edu/?URL=https://www.iampsychiatry.uk/adult-adhd-medication/

ADHD Medications and Treatments The primary drugs used to treat ADHD are stimulants They boost levels of neurotransmitters that help improve concentration and control impulses These include amphetamine and dextroamphetamine that are known under names such as Adderall and methylphenidate as well as lisdexamfetamine called Ritalin and Concerta Doctors may also prescribe antidepressants such as Wellbutrin generic name bupropion for people suffering from ADHD when stimulants arent effective or cause unacceptably adverse negative side effects These medications target dopamine as well as norepinephrine within the brain Medication Medications affect the brain chemicals norepinephrine as well as dopamine that are essential for attention and thinking Stimulants the most common treatment for ADHD are effective when taken as directed Like all medications stimulants can cause adverse side effects Doctors and patients work together to determine the appropriate dosage or combination of drugs to reduce the risk of side effects Symptoms of ADHD can vary but they always include inattention and hyperactiveimpulsive behavior The signs usually start at the age of 12 and continue through adolescence and sometimes into adulthood The symptoms may be mild moderate or severe and they may be different for boys and girls Boys and children assigned male at birth AMAB tend to show more hyperactiveimpulsive symptoms but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women A health care provider can identify ADHD in a child or teenager by following the guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association for the disorder They will speak to the parents and children about their symptoms and they will observe them in a variety of situations To be diagnosed with ADHD the child must exhibit at least six signs that manifest in more than one environment and must affect the childs development and functioning The symptoms must have begun before the age of 12 Most children with ADHD are prescribed medication to treat their symptoms A doctor may prescribe methylphenidate a ingredient in Ritalin or amphetaminebased stimulants like Adderall Doctors can also prescribe nonstimulant drugs to treat ADHD like atomoxetine or bupropion These drugs dont work as quickly as stimulants but they can reduce some of the ADHDs unpleasant adverse effects People suffering from ADHD often have other mental health issues including depression or a different mood disorder They are also more likely to develop disorders of substance use These other problems can be dealt with through behavioral therapy which teaches children and adults how to deal with ADHD Research has demonstrated that treatment with both behavioral therapy and medication can improve the quality of life and decrease symptoms Some teens and kids do not respond to the medication available for ADHD and may require a lower dose or a different type of medication Clinical trials are ongoing to find the most effective treatment for adolescents and adults with ADHD Behavioral therapy Certain people may not require medication to benefit from therapy for behavior A change in diet or lifestyle could help them lessen the symptoms of ADHD adhd adults medication may also be able to improve their organizational skills by using reminders and alarms or by keeping important items in a designated location They can also make use of exercise and other activities that require physical movement to channel energy rather than engaging in impulsive behavior Behavioral therapy can be especially helpful for children with ADHD It can teach parents how to be better parents and also assist their child to deal with stress or other problems that may cause attention deficits Behavioral therapy assists children to learn to control their emotions develop positive selfesteem and manage their behaviour at school To determine the cause of ADHD doctors will discuss the individuals symptoms at length with them and observe their behavior in various situations They will examine school records and questionnaires from teachers family members and others who know the individual They will also determine if there are other health conditions or illnesses with similar symptoms They will also apply ADHD rating scales and conduct an examination for medical reasons The most common medication used to treat ADHD is stimulants These drugs are made to increase the brain activity in the regions of the brain which regulate attention These include the prefrontal cortex and the basal Ganglia There are a variety of nonstimulant drugs that are used to treat ADHD as well These drugs are regarded as less effective but safer than stimulants For those suffering from ADHD treatment may be lengthy and its crucial to see a medical provider regularly The symptoms of ADHD can be a problem with relationships work and school If it is not treated it can result in depression low selfesteem trouble with food and a poor diet and drug or alcohol addiction You should also speak to your doctor if a medication that was once effective is no longer having the same effect or causing side effects It is important to inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking in case they interact with certain ADHD medications Counseling If medication is utilized counseling can help adults and children with ADHD deal with the everyday issues that arise because of their disorder Therapists can help them learn how to use calendars date books and remember appointments They can also set realistic goals Counseling may also offer strategies to improve relationships and reduce conflict Mental health professionals are also able to educate parents about the disorder and assist them in developing new skills attitudes and ways of interacting with their children For adult patients counseling can help them understand how to organize their lives and improve their performance They can learn strategies to stay focused on their work such as breaking large projects down into smaller steps that are easier to manage and practice coping with frustration anxiety and anger Psychotherapy can help adults gain confidence and control reckless and impulsive behaviors Many adults find alternative treatment options beneficial in addition to counseling Some stimulants can have adverse effects on the body including insomnia and jitteriness so they should only be taken according to the prescription People suffering from ADHD should be honest with their healthcare providers and inform them whether theyre having difficulty with certain medications Most doctors prescribe the stimulant methylphenidate or MPH to treat ADHD This drug increases the levels of neurotransmitters that influence attention and behavior in the brain It is available in both immediaterelease and extendedrelease forms The longeracting versions are absorbed slowly in the bloodstream and fade slowly which reduces the crash result that can occur when the dosage decreases Some adults with ADHD may also benefit from nonstimulant medications such as atomoxetine an antidepressant bupropion or atomoxetine They are slower to work than stimulants and could be a better option for those who cannot take them because of other health issues or serious side effects Some people with ADHD also suffer from anxiety or depression In these cases doctors will often prescribe an antidepressant or an antianxiety drug along with the ADHD medication They will be aware of how the drugs could interfere or conflict with one another and will monitor for signs of troubling adverse effects Other treatment options ADHD can be treated with a range of medications They are all designed to increase the amount of dopamine and norepinephrine that are present in the brain This improves the ability to focus and listen and also improves memory These medications include stimulants as well as nonstimulants Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD They work well for a lot of people however they may cause side adverse effects Some of these sideeffects could be serious Your doctor can assist you to find the right dose of medication to meet your needs They may also recommend other treatments to reduce or avoid side effects The two most common types of stimulants for ADHD are dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate These drugs are marketed under several brand names such as Ritalin and Adderall They are available in both extendedrelease and shortacting preparations Shortacting medications can last for up to 34 hours and are typically taken twice or three times a day Extendedrelease medicines can last for up to 16 hours and are usually taken daily Many adults prefer to supplement an extendedrelease morning medication with a quickacting dose in the late afternoon or evening to bridge the gap when the medicine wears off Stimulants can cause nausea and changes in blood pressure and heart rate Some people may be more anxious and irritable than usual They may also cause tics to become more frequent or more severe In certain children and adolescents they can cause a slight delay in growth however it is only temporary and doesnt affect the final height They can also cause an increase in appetite and weight gain and can lead to an increase in blood cholesterol as well as other heart problems in some people Certain antidepressants can also be used offlabel to treat ADHD The most widely used is bupropion Wellbutrin that is a neurotransmitter stimulant that increases dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain It is especially useful for people with ADHD and depression or anxiety It may also be beneficial if stimulants dont work if you cant tolerate them or are at risk of using them or if you have an addiction to drugs