Nguyen Hai Quan
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Background Gene editing is key for elucidating gene function Traditional methods such as consecutive singlecrossovers have been widely used to modify bacterial genomes However cumbersome cloning and limited efficiency of negative selection often make this method slower than other methods such as recombineering Results Here we established a timeeffective variant of consecutive singlecrossovers This method exploits rapid plasmid construction using Gibson assembly a convenient E coli donor strain and efficient dualnegative selection for improved suicide vector resolution We used this method to generate inframe deletions insertions and point mutations in Salmonella enterica with limited handson time Adapted versions enabled efficient gene editing also in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and multidrug resistant MDR Escherichia coli clinical isolates Conclusions Our method is timeeffective and allows facile manipulation of multiple bacterial species including MDR clinical isolates We anticipate that this method might be broadly applicable to additional bacterial species including those for which recombineering has been difficult to implementBackground Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ERCP is still performed using twodimensional 2D Xray images The success rate and risk of complications are considered operatordependent We explored performing an ERCPrelated procedure with 3Dcomputed tomography CT biliary imaging for preoperative simulation and intraoperative reference in a patient with malignant biliary obstruction Case presentation The patient was a 66yearold man who underwent rectal resection and postoperative chemotherapy for rectal cancer A liver metastasis caused obstructive jaundice and acute cholangitis necessitating emergency hospitalization A 35 cm mass in the hilar region of the biliary tree caused type IV biliary obstruction according to the BismuthCorlette classification of hilar cholangiocarcinoma ERCP and biliary drainage were performed repeatedly but had no effect Given that selective bile duct drainage had proven extremely difficult with the conventional procedures threedimensional 3D images were created from preoperative CT image data using a 3D image reconstruction system SYNAPSE VINCENT version 5 FUJIFILM Corporation Tokyo Japan Using the 3D images for preoperative planning and intraoperative reference biliary drainage and stent placement were successfully performed without complications Postoperatively the patient had no further cholangitis or need for stent replacement up to his death Conclusions We report the first case of an ERCPrelated procedure with 3D biliary imaging for preoperative simulation and intraoperative reference in a patient with malignant biliary obstruction The 3D image reconstruction is useful for preoperative planning and could contribute to an increased success rate decreased complications a shorter operation time and reduced radiation exposure to the operatorBackground Indian women are more prone to first birth at a relatively younger age after marriage Also we do not have sufficient literature available that focuses on contraceptive use before first birth The analysis of the present study was done using data from the fourth round of National Family Health Survey 201516 India The objectives of the present study were to measure the levels and trends of contraceptive use before first birth among Indian ever married women aged 1534 years Methods The study includes 279896 ever married women aged 1534 years at the time of the NFHS4 survey To identify the sociodemographic determinants governing the pioneering study behavior multivariable techniques have been used in the analysis The statistical significance of the relationship between sociodemographic factors and contraceptive use prior to first birth was tested using a chisquared test for association Hosmer Lemeshow statistics and Nagelkerke R square have been used to check how well the logistic regression model fits the data Map of India showing different zonal classification is made using the ArcGIS software version 103 Result The trends of contraceptive usage show a decline in use before first birth and the various sociodemographic factors affecting the use of contraceptive before first birth are religion caste education wealth index media exposure age at marriage and the zonal classifications Conclusion The noticeable result in this study is the comparative decline in contraceptive use by women in India before first birth in NFHS4 with respect to previous NFHS done in India The likelihood of using contraception before first birth is significantly affected by factors like place of residence religion caste current age of women age at marriage education level of women wealth index media exposure and zonal classificationBackground Anterior chamber flare reaction refers to the light reflection from the protein in aqueous humor We report a case of very severe flare reaction observed in human leukocyte antigen HLA B27 associated acute anterior uveitis AAU Case presentation An age 43 male patient visited the uveitis clinic complaining of decreased visual acuity in the right eye which developed 1 week before The detailed ophthalmic examination revealed very severe flare reaction in the anterior chamber with diffuse conjunctival hyperemia in the right eye Pupil margin and iris details were barely observable Oral prednisolone 20 mg daily with topical 1 prednisolone acetate Pred Forte Allergan CA every 2 h and 1 topical cyclopentolate Cyclogyl Alcon TX three times daily were immediately prescribed SBI0206965 The next day the flare reaction of the right eye decreased significantly and inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber were visible Detailed fundus examination revealed no inflammatory signs on the retina and ciliary body Later the blood test revealed positive HLA B27 and autoantibodies against lupus anticoagulant with mild elevation of C reactive protein There were no signs for ankylosing spondylitis Continued treatment and tapering of topical 1 prednisolone acetate for 4 weeks led to the complete resolution of the anterior uveitis Conclusions We experienced HLAB27 AAU with the feature of a very severe flare reaction Conventional uveitis treatment was successful to acquire the complete resolution of the inflammation