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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a tumor of cancer that affects the linings of organs like the chest and abdomen is caused by exposure to asbestos Most often asbestos exposure is the cause especially for those who work in construction or industrial work Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial for a successful prognosis If mesothelioma has been detected earlier it is likely to have a better prognosis Causes Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that forms in the tissue that lines the chest and abdomen In the majority of cases malignant mesothelioma occurs in the lining of the lungs the pleura or the stomachs lining and the intestines the peritoneum It can also affect other tissues such as the tissue around the heart pericardial mesothelioma and the testicles Mesothelioma is mostly caused by asbestos exposure Asbestos is an assortment of minerals that are composed of thin microscopic fibers Asbestos was once used widely in a range of industries such as shipbuilding insulation and construction Exposure to asbestos can cause mesotheliomarelated symptoms for up to 40 years after the last exposure The most commonly reported sign is difficulty breathing This is caused by a buildup within the space between lungs and the chest wall Doctors can identify the disease by reviewing the medical records of a patient as well as conducting diagnostic tests They will look for an exposure history to asbestos and then examine the patients Xrays computed tomography CT scans and magnetic resonance imaging MRI A biopsy is used to determine the presence of pleural mesothelioma During the procedure doctors take a small amount of the affected area to examine under the microscope A biopsy can be done using two methods such as VATS a type of keyhole surgery Or a needle that is inserted through a CT scan Mesothelioma can be difficult to detect because the signs and symptoms are similar to other diseases This is why its important to consult a doctor if you have any symptoms that concern you When mesothelioma first manifests its usually in advanced stages This means that treatment options will be limited The majority of patients with lung mesothelioma die from complications such as respiratory failure and pneumonia A smaller proportion of patients with mesothelioma affecting other organs for instance those who suffer from pericardial or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma die from heartrelated complications or their bowels Signs and symptoms The symptoms of mesothelioma can be compared to those of other conditions or illnesses that is why it may be difficult for doctors to determine an accurate diagnosis Patients might be asked about their exposure to asbestos They can also request a CT scan or chest Xray to check for any problems in the chest and lungs A biopsy is usually the next step in which doctors remove a small sample of mesothelioma cells for testing A biopsy can be used to determine whether the cancer cells are malignant The lining of the lungs is affected by pleural mesothelioma which can cause pain and shortness in breath that becomes worse over time These symptoms can also be caused by the accumulation of fluid in the lung pleural effusion Other symptoms of pleural Mesothelioma are bloody coughing abdominal swelling weight loss fatigue and difficulty breathing Peritoneal Mesothelioma which is less common triggers symptoms such as nausea abdominal pain fatigue fever and abdominal pain Even less common is mesothelioma in the tunica vaginalis which can cause testicular discomfort and a lump on the scrotum and loss of appetite If mesothelioma spreads to other areas of the body doctors will employ an array of tests and treatments to treat it They can use surgery and chemotherapy treatment radiation therapy and immunotherapy to kill mesothelioma tumor cells or prevent them from growing The treatments can be provided in the hospital at home or through the clinic A biopsy can also help doctors determine what mesothelioma type a patient has There are three major mesothelioma cell types epithelioid most commonly used Sarcomatoid second most commonly and biphasic Epithelioid mesothelioma cells are most prevalent and they grow slower than other cancerous cells which is why they are less difficult to treat Sarcomatoid cancer is more difficult to cure and is prone to spreading rapidly If you notice any signs or symptoms it is essential to seek immediate treatment It is essential that they do not delay a diagnosis because misdiagnosis can hinder them from receiving the appropriate treatment and give the cancer a longer time to grow Patients who have mesothelioma treated aggressive treatment have a greater chance of living longer Diagnosis It can be difficult to diagnose mesothelioma because it is a rare kind of cancer It can take a doctor months or even weeks to diagnose a patient with an illness that requires treatment In addition to a physical examination the doctor will inquire about asbestos exposure and how symptoms first developed The doctor might also suggest an imaging scan These tests can help to identify areas where there is a issue with the lungs as well as the chest cavity The main test used to diagnose mesothelioma is a biopsy which involves taking a sample of the tumor and examining it under the microscope The specialist doctor will be able discern if the cancer is mesothelioma and also what kind it is There are three kinds of mesothelioma epithelioid sarcomatoid and mixed biphasic The type of cells can impact how easily the tumour can be treated Around 70 percent of patients with mesothelioma have epithelioid cancer cells Sarcomatoid cancer cells are similar to the ones found in fibrous tissue They are present in 30 percent of mesothelioma cases roseville mesothelioma lawsuit of mesothelioma mixed mesothelioma is when it has epithelioid as well as the sarcomatoid tumor cells Blood tests can be performed to determine if the levels of fibulin3 soluble mesothelin and related propeptides along with osteopontin are elevated These substances are generally higher in mesothelioma patients than in other people However the results of these tests are not enough to provide proof or disprove a mesothelioma diagnosis The doctor can also order other tests if mesothelioma diagnosis is confirmed to determine how much the cancer spreads and how it affects the health of the patient For instance the lung function test will show how well the lungs are working and aid doctors in deciding whether surgery is an option Other tests that can be done include other tests that can be performed include CT scan MRI or PETCT scan PETCT scans are a combination of the CT scan and a positron emission scanner which helps doctors determine if cancer has spread A doctor might also request an ultrasound to check for fluid accumulation around the heart Treatment Mesothelioma patients must find the best treatment that matches their specific diagnosis Treatment options include radiation chemotherapy and immunotherapy To receive the best care patients should work with a team at a mesothelioma treatment center that is experienced within their area Doctors can diagnose mesothelioma with physical examination or laboratory tests as well as imaging scans A patient may be referred for more indepth testing or treatment options such as a biopsies A biopsy is the removal of a small piece of tissue to be examined under a microscope Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that develops in the mesothelium which is a layer of protective cells that surround organs within the abdomen and chest It can spread into the bloodstream and then move to other parts in the body where it may cause serious complications In addition to the biopsy doctors could conduct a CT scan or an MRI of the chest and abdomen These imaging tests can be used to detect the signs of mesothelioma or other diseases They can also reveal how the tumor is affecting the surrounding organs such as how mesothelioma within the lungs can affect the intestines and heart The tests for blood can detect mesothelioma based on the presence of a chemical present in the blood However these tests arent always reliable and cannot substitute for the mesothelioma biopsy Early detection of mesothelioma is essential to improve survival rates There are three types of mesothelioma in relation to the cells that are formed Epithelioid mesothelioma the most prevalent and responds better to treatment Sarcomatoid mesothelioma and biphasic are less responsive to treatments and have a worse prognosis Malignant pleural mesothelioma develops in the lining of the lungs called the pleura Pleural mesothelioma may be treated by a doctor with chemotherapy or surgery Two surgeries are offered for this type of mesothelioma Extrapleural Pneumonectomy EPP and pleurectomy with pericardiectomy PD Doctors may also employ hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy or HIOC to reduce the chance that cancer will come back after surgery In HIOC doctors insert chemotherapy drugs to fight cancer directly into the surgical site After that they rock the patient back and forth to bathe the area with hot chemotherapy fluids
